Helen asks…
What planning, preperation and equipment was required to complete the apollo 11 mission?
i need it for an assignment, and am struggling to find the right information for this? if anyone can help me out with information or links i'd be greatfull
Our pick of the answers:
Apollo 11 was the spaceflight which landed the first humans, Neil Armstrong and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin, Jr, on Earth's Moon on July 20, 1969, at 20:17:39 UTC. The United States mission is considered a major accomplishment in the history of space exploration. Launched from the Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 in Merritt Island, Florida on July 16, Apollo 11 was the fifth manned mission, and the third lunar mission, of NASA's Apollo program. The crew consisted of Armstrong as Commander and Aldrin as Lunar Module Pilot, with Command Module Pilot Michael Collins. Armstrong and Aldrin landed in the Sea of Tranquillity and became the first humans to walk on the Moon on July 21. Their Lunar Module, Eagle, spent 21 hours 31 minutes on the lunar surface, while Collins remained in orbit in the Command/Service Module, Columbia.[2] The three astronauts returned to Earth on July 24, landing in the Pacific Ocean. They brought back 47.5 pounds (21.5 kg) of lunar rocks. Apollo 11 fulfilled U.S. President John F. Kennedy's goal of reaching the Moon before the Soviet Union by the end of the 1960s, which he had expressed during a 1961 mission statement before the United States Congress: "I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth."[3] Five additional Apollo missions landed on the Moon between 1969 and 1972. Preparation required longer than the two hours scheduled. Armstrong initially had some difficulties squeezing through the hatch with his Portable Life Support System (PLSS). At 02:39 UTC on Monday July 21 (10:39pm EDT, Sunday July 20), 1969, Armstrong opened the hatch, and at 02:51 UTC began his descent to the lunar surface. The Remote Control Unit controls on his chest kept him from seeing his feet. Climbing down the nine-rung ladder, Armstrong pulled a D-ring to deploy the Modular Equipment Stowage Assembly (MESA) folded against Eagle's side and activate the TV camera, and at 02:56 UTC (10:56pm EDT) he set his left foot on the surface.[22] The first landing used slow-scan television incompatible with commercial TV, so it was displayed on a special monitor and a conventional TV camera viewed this monitor, significantly reducing the quality of the picture.[23] The signal was received at Goldstone in the USA but with better fidelity by Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station in Australia. Minutes later the feed was switched to the more sensitive Parkes radio telescope in Australia.[24] Despite some technical and weather difficulties, ghostly black and white images of the first lunar EVA were received and broadcast to at least 600 million people on Earth.[25] Although copies of this video in broadcast format were saved and are widely available, recordings of the original slow scan source transmission from the lunar surface were accidentally destroyed during routine magnetic tape re-use at NASA. Archived copies of the footage were eventually located in Perth, Australia, which was one of the sites that originally received the Moon broadcast. After describing the surface dust as "fine and almost like a powder",[22] Armstrong stepped off Eagle's footpad and into history as the first human to set foot on another astronomical body. It was then that he uttered his famous line "That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind"[26][27][28][29][30] six and a half hours after landing.[1] Aldrin joined him, describing the view as "Magnificent desolation."[31] As the descent began, Armstrong and Aldrin found that they were passing landmarks on the surface 4 seconds early and reported that they were "long": they would land miles west of their target point. Armstrong said that moving in the lunar gravity, one-sixth of Earth's, was "even perhaps easier than the simulations... It's absolutely no trouble to walk around".[22 At roughly 11:45 a.m. CST the drogue parachutes deployed. At 11:51, the command module struck the water forcefully. Initially the command module landed upside down but was righted in several minutes by flotation bags triggered by the astronauts. "Everything's okay. Our checklist is complete. Awaiting swimmers," was Armstrong's last official transmission from the Columbia. A diver from the Navy helicopter hovering above attached a sea anchor to the command module to prevent it from drifting. Additional divers attached flotation collars to stabilize the module and position rafts for astronaut extraction. Though the chance of bringing back pathogens from the lunar surface was considered remote, it was considered a possibility and NASA took great precautions at the recovery site. Hard Nixon was aboard Hornet to personally welcome the astronauts back to Earth. He told the astronauts, "As a result of what you've done, the world has never been closer together before."[47]
Lizzie asks…
How did George Danton influence the French Revoulution?
Also, Was he against the Revoulution or for it?
Our pick of the answers:
Danton voted for the death of the King Louis XVILouis XVI of France Louis XVI was King of France and Kingdom of Navarre from 1774 until 1791, and then Popular monarchy from 1791 to 1792.... (January 1793). He had a conspicuous share in the creation of the Revolutionary TribunalRevolutionary Tribunal The Revolutionary Tribunal was a court which was instituted in Paris by the National Convention during the French Revolution for the trial of political offenders, and became one of the most powerful engines of Reign of Terror.... , which on the one hand took the weapons away from the disorderly popular vengeance of the September Massacres, but which would become the instrument of the institutionalized TerrorReign of Terror The Reign of Terror or simply The Terror was a period in the French Revolution characterized by brutal repression.... . When all executive power was conferred upon a Committee of Public SafetyCommittee of Public Safety The Committee of Public Safety, set up by the National Convention on April 6, 1793, formed the de facto executive government of France during the Reign of Terror of the French Revolution.... (6 April 1793), Danton had been one of the nine original members of that body. He was dispatched on frequent missions from the Convention to the republican armies in BelgiumBelgium The Kingdom of Belgium is a country in Western Europe bordered by Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France and is one of the founding and core members of the European Union.... , and wherever he went he infused new energy into the army. He pressed forward the new national system of educationEducation Education is the process by which an individual is encouraged and enabled to develop fully his or her innate potential; it may also serve the purpose of equipping the individual with what is necessary to be a productive member of society.... , and he was one of the legislative committee charged with the construction of a new system of government. He tried and failed to bridge the hostilities between Girondists and JacobinsJacobin Club The Jacobin Club was the most famous of the political clubs of the French Revolution. Among its most prominent members were Jean-Paul Marat and Robespierre.... . The Jacobins were irreconcilable, and the fury of their attacks on Danton and the Mountain was unremitting. Although he was—again in the words of the 1911 Britannica — "far too robust in character to lose himself in merely personal enmities: By the middle of May 1793 Danton had made up his mind that the Girondists must be politically suppressed. The Convention was wasting time and force in vindictive factional recriminations, while the country was in crisis. Charles François DumouriezCharles François Dumouriez Charles Franois Dumouriez was a France general.... , the senior commander of the Battles of ValmyBattle of Valmy The Battle of Valmy formed a turning point in the wars associated with the French Revolution.... And JemappesBattle of Jemappes The Battle of Jemappes took place near the town of Jemappes in Hainaut, Belgium, near Mons. Charles Franois Dumouriez, in command of the French Revolutionary Army, defeated the greatly outnumbered Austrian army under the command of Duke Albert ... , had deserted. The French armies were suffering a series of checks and reverses. A royalist rebellion was gaining formidable dimensions in the west. The Girondists were clamoring for the heads of Danton and his colleagues in the Mountain, but they would lose this struggle to the death. There is no positive evidence that Danton directly instigated the insurrection of May 31, 1793 and June 2, 1793, which ended in the purge of the Convention and the proscription of the GirondistsGirondist The Girondists, comprised a political faction in France within the French Legislative Assembly and the National Convention during the French Revolution.... . He afterwards spoke of himself as in some sense the author of this revolution, because a little while before, stung by some trait of factious perversity in the Girondists, he had openly cried out in the midst of the Convention, that if he could only find a hundred men, they would resist the oppressive authority of the Girondist commission of twelve. At any rate, he certainly acquiesced in the violence of the communeParis Commune (French Revolution) The Paris Commune during the French Revolution was the government of Paris from 1789 until 1795, and especially from 1792 until 1795.... , and he publicly gloried in the expulsion of the men who stood obstinately in the way of a vigorous and concentrated exertion of national power. Danton, unlike the Girondists, "accepted the fury of popular passion as an inevitable incident in the work of deliverance."......... Http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Georges_Danton#encyclopedia http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9801E3DA1338E733A25751C2A9629C94689ED7CF http://au.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761568515/danton_
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